Income serves as the source of wealth accumulation, and increasing the property income of lowand middle-income groups through multiple channels can help raise the wealth levels of disadvantaged households. Based on data from the 2020 China Rural Revitalization Survey (CRRS), this study systematically examines the mechanisms through which digital literacy affects household wealth accumulation. The main findings are as follows: (1) Digital literacy significantly enhances household wealth accumulation, with digital skill application literacy and digital awareness literacy playing particularly prominent roles. (2) The positive effect of digital literacy on wealth accumulation is greater for low-skill households, liquidity-constrained households, and those in villages with e-commerce service stations. Among the sub-dimensions, digital resource acquisition literacy has a stronger effect, whereas digital device operation literacy and digital awareness literacy have relatively weaker effects. (3) Digital literacy promotes wealth accumulation primarily by alleviating credit constraints and improving households’ risk management capabilities. Therefore, enhancing the digital literacy of disadvantaged households and expanding their channels for property income can help these households achieve wealth accumulation and common prosperity.