Under new circumstances, proactively addressing population aging necessitates the impetus of digital technology. On one hand, digital technology profoundly reshapes the connotation and model of elderly care by empowering the elderly, improving the quality of elderly care services, and enhancing social governance efficiency in tackling population aging. On the other hand, part of the elderly population struggles with adaptation to digital technology, creating disparities in both their access to and ability to use new information technologies, which results in the social issue of a “digital divide” among the elderly. Grounded in Maslow’ s hierarchy of needs theory, this paper objectively analyzes the significant advantages of digital technology in fulfilling older adults’ needs for health and safety, mental and psychological well-being, self-development, and social participation. It explores the challenges faced by the elderly in the digital era, including digital incompetence, digital adaptation, information overload, digital learning, and digital fragmentation. Building on these insights, the paper proposes specific measures for creating an age-friendly digital society that harmonizes technology with humanistic values. These measures involve coordinated action at macro, meso, and micro levels by multiple stakeholders, including governments, markets, society, families, and individuals, thereby offering actionable insights for bridging the digital divide.