New quality productive forces represent an upgrade and leap from traditional productive forces. They are the new driving force for building a modern industrial system, the new engine for constructing China’s new development pattern, and the new force for creating national competitive advantages. New quality productive forces are composed of core elements such as support systems, participating entities, content systems, and main fields. These core elements interact with each other, forming the carrier for the accelerated formation of new quality productive forces. From the perspective of social reproduction, new quality productive forces involve the entire process of production, distribution, exchange, and consumption. These four stages are closely linked and circulate smoothly, significantly enhancing the quality and efficiency of productive forces. New quality productive forces emphasize the leading role of scientific and technological innovation in integrating production factors. Therefore, accelerating the formation of new quality productive forces must take scientific and technological innovation as the core, and promote the formation and development of new quality productive forces through key technological innovation, reforming the scientific and technological innovation system, strengthening the innovative position of enterprises, and cultivating talents in scientific and technological innovation.