Voluntary guardianship system is a new system established by the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China. Currently, the content of this system is relatively rudimentary. In the implementation process, issues such as the unclear rights and obligations of guardians, vague responsibilities to be borne, unclear guardian duties, lack of protection mechanisms for guardians’ rights and interests, and mechanization of civil capacity determination, have emerged. These issues have resulted in new problems and challenges such as limited application subject scope, an imperfect guardianship supervision mechanism, lagging supervision methods, a diversified trend in the population of wards, and failure to take into account the needs of special groups of people. By reviewing and summarizing beneficial explorations in areas such as Beijing and Shanghai, valuable experiences that can be used for reference can be summarized. In response to practical needs and development trends, we should focus on the effective implementation of the system, adhere to problem orientation, timely refine the supporting rules of voluntary guardianship through legislative interpretations, judicial interpretations, and local legislation, continuously optimize the supporting mechanisms for voluntary guardianship implementation, actively cultivate social public guardianship organizations, gradually resolve difficulties and problems in the implementation process, and form a complete set of voluntary guardianship legal system and supporting mechanisms. Ultimately, the voluntary guardianship system will become an advanced system that adapts to the requirements of the aging and longevity of China’s population and effectively meets the new needs of the population for diversified and personalized elderly care.