In the 21st century, unprecedented changes are happening in the internal environment of enterprises and the external world, posing immense challenges to enterprise leadership and management. Among them, the work needs of enterprise employees gradually develop from the traditional needs of food and clothing to the desire to get the attention and respect of the leadership. Therefore, traditional leadership styles have become inadequate to meet the needs of modern organizations and employees, giving rise to servant leadership. Servant leadership can be defined as leaders holding a service-oriented spirit, building trust relationships through considerate service behaviors, promoting the growth of team members, and achieving the vision. However, relevant research by Chinese scholars is still in its early stages. This paper reviews and summarizes early literature on servant leadership, evaluates the current situation, and identifies gaps, aiming to promote the study and local application of servant leadership in China. It is suggested that theoretical research on servant leadership, including the exploration and testing of measurement tools, antecedent variables, outcome variables, and mechanisms, should be based on the above concept.