Popular science lecture is a fruitful way of popularizing science. With the popularization of the Internet and the deepening of informatization, popular science lectures have become a new means and method of knowledge dissemination, and to a certain extent, they have promoted the opening and sharing of global intellectual resources. However, the research on popular science lectures has been relatively weak so far. This paper discussed popular science lectures in the information age, including their connotation, characteristics, advantages, subjects, audiences, contents, methods, effectiveness, and constraints. The case study and comparative study of TED Talks and YiXi Talks were carried out, and the AIDA model was introduced to analyze their communication effects. The countermeasures to improve popular science lectures are proposed: placing more emphasis on popular science and popular science lectures; strengthening the scientific research oriented to communication needs; and promoting popular science lectures in the classroom to become an integral part of contemporary education.