Based on the three-dimensional analysis model of language landscape proposed by TrumperHecht, the urban villages under the jurisdiction of the three major communities of Weigang, Shilidian, and Taoyuan in Hefei City were selected for corpus collection, a mixed research method combining quantitative and qualitative methods was utilized, and a three-dimensional perspective on the construction of language landscapes in urban villages was provided from the physical, political and experiential dimensions. The research findings are as follows: the use of language in urban villages turns out to be non-standard due to the lack of local language policies and planning; the construction of linguistic landscape in urban villages pays less attention to the cultivation of residents’ ideology; the goal of creating a harmonious and international language environment may not be easily accomplished due to the lack of communication between people from urban villages and those outside. Thus, corresponding recommendations are made from the perspectives of regulating the language environment, developing mainstream ideology, and setting up a three-party cooperative system, to provide a basis for the local government to formulate, revise, or improve its language policies and plans and provide a reference for other regions to govern the urban and rural language environments and to create a harmonious and coprosperous linguistic ecosystem.