The system of the first secretary in the village is a system gradually established and continuously improved by the Communist Party of China based on the system of cadres in the village. This system has played a very important role in poverty alleviation. In the new development stage, this system will continue to exist. Due to the changes in work tasks, this system has to be improved and developed. Through a comprehensive a_x0002_nalysis of the selection mechanism, working mechanism and assessment mechanism of the first secretary in the village, this paper draws out the main deficiencies of this system in the new development stage to deal with new tasks and proposes the basic improvement path of this system.