Medical social work is the initial, the most professional and the most active field of social work from the perspective of historical origin and coexists with medical work. In the present day of the reform, the tension of the relationship between the doctor and the patient call for the professional, service and practical utility of the medical social work service. So we need to find a path that can promote the healthy and effective development of the medical social work in the new era. Therefore, we take the development course of medical social work in District B of City A as the research object, comb its development context, and find that the initial period of medical social work in this area depends on the promotion of the government, and the development period needs multi-center cooperation, which is a transmutation process from government launch to social consciousness. We attempt to explore the possible development and growth mechanism of medical social work in China from both internal and external aspects, and hold that the original motive force of the development of medical social work in China needs to be promoted and led by the government, but the motive force for its sustainable development needs the multi-center cooperation of social forces.