The research shows that moral leadership, as the core dimension of parental leadership, has an important impact on employees’ behavior, but the existing research ignores the important role of employees’ working state. Based on the theory of selfdetermination, this paper discusses the influence of moral leadership on employees’ innovative behavior by taking employees’ work prosperity as an intermediary, and examines the moderating effect of emotional commitment on the above relationships from the emotional perspective of social identity. The research shows that moral leadership has a significant positive impact both on employees’ work prosperity and innovative behavior. Employees’ work prosperity has a significant positive impact on their innovative behavior. Employees’ work prosperity plays a part of mediating role between moral leadership and innovative behavior; Emotional commitment moderates the influence of moral leadership on employees’ innovative behavior. The higher the emotional commitment, the more significant the influence of moral leadership on employees’ innovative behavior.