Ibuse Masuji is known as the “evergreen tree” of the Japanese literature. The research of his literary in China and Japan mainly focused on the early representative “An Salamander” and the later representative “Black Rain”. This paper mainly compares the characters of the two works by analyzing the original text, for they are the classic characters of the Ibuse literature representing the depressed youth groups in Japan’s prewar society and the bottom people groups in Japan’s postwar society. Also as the common people, the childish, loneliness, depressed, claustrophobic, perceptual Salamander works as a strong comparison to the mature, tolerant, optimistic, positive, rational Sigematu. Their images not only tell the downtrodden’s living situation in Japan’s society at that time, but also reflect the changing course of the author’s creative thinking which is changed because of the reality. This Let us Chinese readers think about the problem of the nationality of literature at the same time.