The Great Rear Area of the Anti-Japanese War refers to the Southwest and the Northwest areas which regarded Chongqing as their center and which was also the most important supporting region of the Anti-Japanese national united front during the second KMT-CPC Cooperation .The concept of the Great Rear Area under the vision of the CPC is the intersection of geographical and political concepts and it contains geographic, political, military and other rich contents, emphasizing the integrity of the Kuomintang ruling areas, the two parties’ political differences, and the importance of the Southwest of China, especially Sichuan. It was the last strategic base for China to against Japanese violent invasion and the key to the success of the policy of the Chinese Anti-Japanese national united front. Moreover, it was the AntiJapanese base and the stage mostly needed by the CPC during the Anti-Japanese War.