This paper constructs the spatial panel Durbin model to test the existence of “green paradox” effect of carbon emissions in regional environmental regulation in China according to the theory of “green paradox” and the panel data of China’s 30 provinces from 2003 to 2012. The results show that the provincial carbon emission in China has significant spatial correlation which presents intensive trend. And about 60% of the provinces show the carbon emission characteristics of high gathering and low gathering. The proportion of investment completed in industrial pollution treatment to regional GDP, removal rate of industrial SO2 and the reverse index of pollution composite index have obvious “green paradox” effect, and the three environmental regulation variables have spatial spillover effect, which is worth noting. The size of population and per capita GDP have driving effect and have positive spatial spillover effect in carbon emissions. The technical progress has carbon emission reduction effect and negative spatial spillover effect.