Poverty exists in China, especially in rural areas of China, comparatively, old people are easier to become poor than those young people, which is mainly embodied in the perspective of serious economic poverty and emotional poverty faced by rural old people, furthermore, under the background of the aging era, serious intergeneration contradiction can make the rural old people easier to become poor by diseases and rebecome poor by the diseases. Therefore, Chinese Government is needed to perfect rural social poverty alleviation system on the basis of original rural “governmentguarantee for the families with food clothing, medical care, housing and burials expenses” as well as minimum living guarantee system, forcefully develops rural economy to enlarge the source channels of the poverty alleviation funds, makes classified and hierarchical poverty alleviation for the poor old people, increases the input in rural Medicaid input, couples the social poverty alleviation with the old people supported by their children and implements the education of poverty alleviation in the rural areas to prevent the poverty in advance for the old people. 