Metaphor and metonymy are rhetoric devices in traditional linguistics and the consistency of the color words like the class of metaphor and metonymy embodied in color system and source domain indicates that metaphor and metonymy is the basic collaborative cognitive method of human beings. Through the refection from source domain and color system, human beings get the recognition on color and meanwhile accurately describe the color and fractionalize the difference between colors. In the process of color cognition, the color words of metaphor and metonymy between English and Chinese also bear some characteristics of a nation, the comparison between words source and color system of metaphor and metonymy to help understand the universality and individuality of a nation behind languages is conducive to smoothly learning English, conducting interdisciplinary culture exchange and translation between English and Chinese.