This paper based on modernity and postmodernity, took the whole course of western moral education as the main clue. It divided the course periodically according to the time sequence, then analyzed the characteristics which mean that the modernity or postmodernity of the course, and it took a further survey about the effects on the moral education caused by these characteristics in the historical conditions at that time, and it finally summed up the enlightment of modern experiences and postmodern logic of western moral education, supplied new ideas for the innovation of moral education in our country.