In response to military and political transformation in the late Qing Dynasty and official talent cultivation, the translation department of Nanyang College had translated a lot of military, political & law books and textbooks from the books of Japan and western countries in almost six years under the guidance of “Chinese learning as the fundamental structure, western learning for practical use”. Although Sheng Xuanhuai, the actual decisionmaker of the Department and an official of Qing government for foreign affairs, had limitation in politics, although there is dispute about the guidance in academic circle currently, in fact, the Department made contribution to setting up newstyle army, implementing new political movement, cultivating newstyle talents and promoting modern translation cause for late Qing Dynasty, which should not be ignored.