Under the specific historical background and institutional constraints. this article discusses the mechanism that the financial crisis can speed up the treatment on non-performing assets (NPA) of state-owned banks (SOB) in a perspective of interest groups. The study shown that the interest groups chase rent-seeking and defect on the credit funds of SOB that can explain the delay, the reform breakthrough is actuated by the economic crisis and the banking system transformation pressure; the disparity of bargaining ability between the interest groups affect length of delay, only to balance and cooperate between the interest groups, can we accelerate the reform on SOB of NPA.