Political apathy is a special way of peasants' political participation.By vertical survey on the seeds,emergence and development of the apathy,this paper analyzes the negative effects of the peasants' political apathy on the villager autonomy,civil society,the political democratization,etc.,explores the role of such factors as political culture,economic level,education status,and institutional defects in the formation of peasants' political apathy.We can seek countermeasures for eliminating political apathy of peasants in the areas such as developing the rural economy,propelling peasant education,perfecting participation system,innovating participation ways,protecting the interests of vulnerable groups and so on.