In these one hundred years from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century, international societies have been disputing whether small-scale farming system is going to distinction or small-scale economy is full of viability. In recent years, in China, domestic academic circles have been arguing about whether rural contracted land use system of China is moving forward or falls back and whether collective agricultural production organization under people commune system is better or current rural contracted land use system is better. In reality, the agricultural development history of modern western capitalism countries has shown that it is an inevitable law for big-scale farms to own the small-scale farms. At present, there is no so-called ideal nation of small-scale farming economy in the world. How to effectively associate small-scale farming system of China with modern agriculture has become an urgent issue which needs to be deeply studied by theoretical circles and governments.