The Chinese path to modernization is a way of socialist development that is different from Western modernization. Rural areas are the foundation of China’s social development. However, the longstanding urban-rural dualistic system has led to problems such as insufficient knowledge and capacity of the main body of governance, insufficient functioning of the governance system, and insufficient talents, funds and resources required for governance on the road of modernization development in rural areas of China at this stage.Therefore, in the process of the Chinese path to modernization, rural governance practices can be implemented through dual-subject cooperation and co-governance, improving the quality and modern governance capacity of villagers and village cadres, establishing a modern rural governance system that integrates the “three-governance”, and eliminating the disparity between urban and rural areas and attracting the “reverse flow” of talents, resources, and capital to the countryside to continue to promote the modernization and development of rural governance.