Social work is essentially a social service activity, serving society with scientific knowledge under the value of altruism, and its professional attributes determine that social work is an integral part of the social governance community. The participation of social work in governance has multiple advantages. Its all-around, diversified, and efficient participation in social governance is conducive to building a new pattern of social governance featuring joint contribution, joint governance, and shared benefits in the new era. However, in the actual social work participation in community governance, there are still dilemmas such as a lack of professional characteristics, fuzzy role positioning, and insufficient policy advocacy ability. The effective optimization of these dilemmas will promote the healthy development of community society.