Based on the proactive motivation model, this paper explores the mechanism of an inclusive at_x005fmosphere on employee innovation behavior, and examines the mediating effect of employees’ thriving at work and the moderating effect of job autonomy in this process. By collecting questionnaires twice, a total of 472 effective samples of employees working in Shanxi and Inner Mongolia were obtained. The results show that: (1) the inclusive atmosphere positively affects employees’ innovative behavior; (2) employees’ thriving at work plays a partial mediating role; ( 3) job autonomy positively moderates the relationship between employees’ thriving at work and employees’ innovation behavior, and positively moderates the mediating effect of job prosperity.