Under the background of the new economy, enterprise competition is facing a series of new changes, including the transformation of technological basis, institutional basis and market basis, competitive logic paradigm and competitive core under the new competitive environment. These new changes have put forward new requirements for the cultivation of enterprise’s competitive advantage. From the perspective of implementing the new development concept and under the background of the new economy, enterprises should promote the cultivation of new advantages of high-quality competition from four aspects, namely, promoting the innovative interaction between the supply and demand sides of the digital organization coupling platform, establishing weak relation network and strong relation alliance of digital competition, attaching importance to the incentive effect of green value creation on enterprise competition, and always adhering to the strategic logic of flexibility and openness. Based on this, this paper proposes paths and policies to promote Chinese enterprises to cultivate new advantages of high-quality competition, including accelerating the popularization and renewal of digital infrastructure, releasing the digital dividend of cloud computing, big data and other new-generation digital technologies for enterprise competition, improving the compound digital talent training system with deep integration of production, education and research, accelerating the formation and transformation of middle and high-level human capital, increasing policy support for enterprise digitalization, and releasing a new round of institutional dividends.