Victimization of left-behind children in rural areas cannot be ignored.A survey using a self-designed questionnaire and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support(MSPSS)was conducted to collect data from 2193 children in 90 villages in 10 counties of Jiangxi Province of China.Descriptive statistical analysis of the main variables was used to explore the differences between left-behind and non-left-behind children.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between child victimization/child poly-victimization and social support from family,peers and important others.This study results found that there was significant difference between left-behind children and non-left-behind children in victimization status,but there were no significant differences in poly-victimization.This study showed that social support is an effective protection factor for child victimization and poly-victimization.However,results showed that while the overall model was moderated by social support,no significant group differences of victimization occurred between left-behind children and non-left-behind children.The research shows that social support is an effective protection factor for avoiding children victimization and poly-victimization,and social support systems,such as families,peers,and important others,can effectively protect left-behind children from suffering more than non-left-behind children.