By constructing an index system for evaluating the development level of rural logistics from five dimensions such as economic development level,infrastructure level,human resource level,logistics demand and government policy,this paper quantitatively appraised the rural logistics development level using the data of 28 provincial-level administrative regions in China in 2016.The conclusion shows that there are obvious regional differences in the development level of rural logistics in China.The development level of rural logistics in the eastern region is significantly higher than that in other regions,and it shows a decreasing trend from eastern,central to western regions in turn;The regional difference in rural economic development level is the most contribution to the regional difference in rural logistics development level,and the contribution of the regional difference in human resources is high;Rural economic development level and human resources level are the two key factors affecting rural logistics development level;The rural logistics development level difference among provincial-level regions in the western provinces,municipality and autonomous districts is very large,while the differences in the eastern,central and northeastern regions are small.