中东欧国家货物贸易特征与出口比较优势分析
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Analysis of Commodity Trade Features and ExportComparative Advantage of Central and Eastern European Countries
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    摘要:

    本研究基于《商品名称及编码协调制度》(H.S2012)的国际贸易商品分类数据,基于两位数和六位数分类商品,全面分析了中东欧各国的出口主导产品、进口需求产品和比较优势产品情况以及变化趋势。研究表明:(1)中东欧国家出口主导产品和进口需求产品高度集中;出口主导以车辆船舶和机电制造产品为主,进口需求主要为矿产品。(2)中东欧出口比较优势产品以资源和劳动密集型产品为主,其中主要为机电制造产品、化工产品、矿产品、纺织品和农产品等。与2005年相比,2016年中东欧各国具有比较优势的产业弱化了。(3)各国出口主导产品与竞争优势产品存在错位现象。阿尔巴尼亚、拉脱维亚、马其顿、斯洛伐克的比较优势产品与出口主导产品具有较高的一致性,对出口具有一定的贡献;其他国家极具比较优势的产品对该国出口并无较大贡献。

    Abstract:

    Based on international trade commodity classification data of the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System,H.S2012,this paper overall analyzes the situations and changing trends of export leading products,import demand products and the products with comparative advantages of each country in Central and Eastern Europe.The results show that the export leading products and import demand products of Central and Eastern European countries are highly centralized,their main export leading products are vehicles,ships and mechanical and electrical products,and their import products are mainly minerals.Their products with export comparative advantages are mainly the products with resources intensive and labor intensive such as mechanical and electrical products,chemical products,mineral products,textile products,agricultural products and so on.Compared with 2005,their industries with comparative advantages of each country are not consistent.The products with comparative advantages of each country do not have much contribution to the export of this country,except Albania,Latvia,Macedonia,and Slovakia.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-12-01