Local governments are the practitioners to carry out the duty of public service, public service capacity has become an indispensible part of the construction of local government capacity, however, there is ubiquitously short of basic public service capacity in current local governments. This paper expounds the connotation and compositions of basic public service capacity of local governments on the basis of the definition of the concept of public service capacity of local governments, analyzes the factors affecting basic public service capacity of local governments and based on this, advances the basic path for promoting basic public service capacity of local governments.