In the 1920s, rural education thought is the big wealth in the history of China’s education. As a representative of the rural education, Gu Mei proposed that “education is not people’s education”, but “education should consider national character”, “education should consider China’s economic situation” and that education should not be utilitarian and commercialized, etc. There is certain similarity between the rural education in the time of Republic of China and current rural education in the perspective of economic and social background, national character and education resources allocation. The analysis and research on Gu Mei’s rural education thought play an important enlightenment role in the reconstructed socialist village education.