By making a study of the Nobel Prize winning in literature during 40 years from 1971 to 2011 in such three aspects as the geographical distribution of awardwinners, their sex and their works style as well as the motif of the works, this paper intends to explore the developmental tendency of Nobel Prize in Literature. It also aims to reflect the status quo of the Chinese literature and locate the reason for the Chinese writer Mo Yan’s first success to win the prize. Furthermore, the view about how the Chinese writers attempt to occupy a higher position in the circle is put forward.