China’s present rural families can not prevent all kind of social risks, the rural-urban dual structure of economy and society makes more difficult in rural social guarantee. Rural land guarantee has its defects and leads to the lagging behind of rural social insurance system, low efficiency of land use and the slowing of rural urbanization process. We should use rural land production material function to raise its social guarantee utility, meanwhile, raise funds from many channels based on the reality of the countryside, establish and perfect rural basic social guarantee system, give priority to implement social guarantee of the peasants who lose the land and rapidly scientifically perfect rural social insurance system.