The cultural modernization of Nanjing Nationalist Government between 1927-1937 was initiated under the situation of China’s civil wars and foreign invasion. As a result, although this modernization was not a self-conscious modernization, Nanjing Nationalist Government had real beneficial practice. Because of the real behavior of dictatorship of Nanjing Nationalist Government, the cultural development was difficult to move forward between modernity tide and anti-modernity tide, so that, this cultural modernization was a distorted modernization.