| 摘要: |
| 新闻就是新鲜事实的、公众需要的信息。新闻价值是使信息具有新闻性的东西，由信息中含有的“真实、新鲜、公众需要”的素质所构成，不同于新闻的使用价值。正面新闻也会有粉饰掩盖、麻痹误导等负面作用，负面新闻也会有认知、警示、教育、监督等正面作用。正面新闻与负面新闻的比例，并不与社会中正面事实与负面事实的比例相当。新闻的功能与作用包括反映、告知、了解和吸引关注。新闻有表象真实和真相真实、局部真实和全面真实、浅层真实和深层真实。本质真实的概念对新闻活动并无多大帮助，还会造成偏误，甚至被用来作为片面报道的借口。新闻受众的需要与想要既有联系又有区别，新闻传媒要设法把他们需要的变成想要的。 |
| 关键词: 新闻定义 新闻价值 新闻真实 新闻作用 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Exploring the Core Issues of News |
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XIE Jin-wen
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Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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| Abstract: |
| News is the information about fresh facts that the public needs. The value of news lies in its ability to be newsworthy, which is determined by the qualities of “truth, freshness, and public demand” contained in the information. This value is distinct from the utility value of news. Positive news can also have negative effects, such as whitewashing, numbing, and misleading, while negative news can have positive effects, such as cognitive awareness, warning, education, and supervision. The proportion of positive news to negative news does not necessarily reflect the proportion of positive facts to negative facts in society. The functions and uses of news include reflection, informing, understanding, and attracting attention. News can be superficially true or deeply true, partially true or comprehensively true, simply true or deeply true. The concept of essential truth does not contribute much to news activities; instead, it can lead to biases and even serve as an excuse for one-sided reporting. The needs and wants of news audiences are both connected and distinct, and news media should strive to turn what they need into what they want. |
| Key words: news definition news value news truth use of news |
