| 摘要: |
| 现代医学认为流行病是由各种生物性致病原或称为病原体所引起的一组具有强烈传染性的疾病。而从传统医学角度而言，所谓流行病是指具有温热病性质的急性传染病，属温热病中具有强烈传染性、病情危重凶险并具有大流行特征的一类疾病。在古代文献中，一般称之为疫、疾疫、瘥、札、疠等。宋人也大体承袭了这一提法。通常情况下，疫病与流行病无法确切区分，因此，统称流行病为疾疫或瘟疫。宋代江南地区是流行病的多发区，特别是太湖流域一带，从文献记载来看，显著多于其他地区。这大概与江南地区水网密布，气候温湿、人口密集、人员流动频繁、经济较为活跃细菌病毒易于繁殖有关。该地区频繁发生的流行病，不仅造成了大量人口的死亡，并对当地经济发展，社会稳定均造成了相当大的冲击。 |
| 关键词: 宋代 江南地区 流行病；疾疫 |
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| On epidemics in the south of Yangtze River in Song Dynasty |
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YUAN Dong-mei
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| Abstract: |
| It is believed in modern medicine that epidemic consists of a group of diseases caused by varieties of biological pathogens or pathogeny for short. However, in terms of traditional medicine, epidemic refers to illnesses that are feverish, prevailing, acutely infectious and extremely dangerous. In ancient literatures, it is generally defined as popular illnesses, diseases and plagues, etc. and on the whole, people in Song Dynasty also adopted the concept. But in many cases, epidemic can not be accurately distinguished from popular diseases, therefore, they are generally called epidemic diseases or plagues. The south of Yangtze River in Song Dynasty was obviously more frequently stricken by epidemics than other regions according to the literatures, especially, the regions around the Taihu Lake. Probably, it is due to the dotted lakes, warm and humid climates, 〖JP2〗dense population and frequent flow of people as well as the comparatively more flourishing economy, in which germs and viruses are prone to reproduce. The high frequency of epidemics in those areas not only caused a great many deaths but also severely impacted the development of the local economy and social stability. |
| Key words: Song Dynasty the south of Yangtze River epidemics plagues |
