| 摘要: |
| 村民自治制度对于推动我国的政治现代化具有根基性的作用。同美国早期的乡镇自治比较发现，我国的乡村自治存在的主要问题是村民自治受到基层政权的行政控制，法律不健全及农民的自治权缺乏法律的保障。这些问题将影响我国的政治稳定和公民社会的形成。解决这些问题的核心思路是：彻底厘清基层政府同村民委员会的关系；逐渐用司法手段取代行政手段实现对农村的控制，建立完备的关于村民自治的法律体系；加强对基层政府和农村的教育工作，增强政府工作人员和农民的民主法制意识。 |
| 关键词: 美国 乡镇自治； 村民自治； 基层民主 |
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| On Chinas villagers autonomy from early period of township autonomy of the United States |
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XIONG Huai-zhi
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| Abstract: |
| Villager autonomy system plays basic role in Chinas political modernization. Compared the township autonomy with the early period of township autonomy of the United States, the main problems in Chinas villager autonomy are that the autonomy rights are controlled by administrative rights, that laws and regulations are not perfected, and that the autonomy right of villagers is not insured by perfect laws. These problems will affect Chinas political stability and the forming of civil society. The main countermeasures for solving these problems are to rationalize the relationship between grass-root government and villagers committee, to use lawful method to replace administrative method to control the villages, to set up complete law system on villager autonomy, to enhance education on grass-root governments and villages and to increase democratic lawful consciousness of governmental leaders and peasants. |
| Key words: the United States township autonomy villager autonomy grass-root democracy |
