Based on the interpretation of the LandsatTM data (with four digital images taken in 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012, respectively) and the statistical data of the society, economy and population of the corresponding period, this article studies ecological consumption, ecological carrying capacity and the changes of factor structure and time series by the ecological footprint model. The results show that the per capita ecological footprint of the Three Gorges reservoir area presents an obvious growth tendency during the period from 2000 to 2014. Each of the resources consumption factors is all going up,but the diversity is significant. The per capita ecological carrying capacity shows a sustainable downtrend, the diversity of each productive land capacity is obvious and positively correlated with the area of each productive land. Ecological deficit is high and increases year by year with the development of economy.