The technology of CO2 supercritical extraction was used to extract volatile oil from Salvia plebeia R. Brown, and the chemical constituents were analyzed by GCMS. The results indicated that the dominant components of the oils were alkene, alkane, phenol, alcohol, ester, the relative contents of 1caryophyllene, 2, 2′methylenebis(6tertbutyl4methylphenol), squalene, ethyl propionate, heneicosane, aflatoxin B2, βsitosterol and heptacosane were high in 〖WTBX〗Salvia plebeia〖WTBZ〗 R. Brown. This method is reasonable, simple and rapid, the experiment provided scientific basis for developing and utilizing the resources of 〖WTBX〗Salvia plebeia〖WTBZ〗 R. Brown in Huangshan.