Through three times of sampling analysis of three sections of Liangtan River in October，2010，in February，2011 and in July，2011，the distribution feature between the pollutants of sediment pore water at its surface level and overlying water was discussed，the correlation analysis of the concentration of the pollutants in the sediment pore water and overlying water was conducted，and the results show that the spatial distribution trends of the overlying water pollution are Tianci Spring>Tongshan Bridge>Tuzhu Town，that the majority of CODcr and the concentration of the salt containing nitrogen in the water at the surface of the sediment pore is higher than that of overlying water，but the salt containing phosphorus is on the contrary. The correlation analysis shows that there is significant relation among CODcr，TN concentration and DTP concentration in the water at the surface of the sediment pore and in overlying water，which demonstrates that CODcr，TN and DTP concentration in the sediment pore water is the determinant factor of the CODcr，TN and DTP concentration in its overlying water.