The data about R&D investment and economic growth of China during 1991-2011 are analyzed based on VAR moder and the research results show that there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between R&D investment and economic growth of China and that there is a bidirectional causality between R&D expenditure and economic growth,however,there is only unidirectional causality between full-time equivalent of R&D personnel and economic growth of China.