Aiming at the problems of pure lag large inertia and strong interference in the combustion control of hot blast stoves an air-fuel ratio control strategy of hot blast stoves based on parallel cooperative bare-bones particle swarm optimization PCBBPSO for global sliding mode control GSMC was proposed. In order to improve the dynamic characteristics of the air-fuel ratio control system of hot blast stoves the global sliding mode strategy was introduced to optimize the control of the combustion system to improve the system stability. At the same time based on the strong interference characteristics of the hot blast stove combustion system the PCBBPSO was used to adjust the interference compensation to reduce its influence on the system and the optimal control rate was obtained. The simulation results showed that compared with PSO global sliding mode and PSO PID this control method can reduce the time of stabilization by 26. 4 s and 9. 3 s respectively can maintain no overshoot and has good tracking and anti-interference effect. The control strategy was applied to a hot blast stove supporting a 2 200 m 3 blast furnace at a steel company. Engineering data showed that under the control of this air-fuel ratio strategy the fluctuation range of the air-fuel ratio of the hot blast stove was only 8. 20%. This strategy has the characteristics of small fluctuation good stability and strong anti-interference and has a good dynamic response which can meet the needs of the practical application of hot blast stove engineering.