This paper makes examination and research on the financial data of 28 Chongqing listed companies during 20062013 and sets up panel data model. Empirical analysis shows that there is a negative correlation among profiting capacity，debt repayment capacity，growing capacity，dividend capacity and capital structure and that there is a positive correlation among operation capacity，cash flow amount and capital structure. Finally this paper suggests that Chongqing should continuously boost financial center construction at the upper reaches of the Yangtze River by innovating financing methods，the listed companies of Chongqing should sufficiently understand each factor of capital structure，consolidate enterprise management，perfect information disclosure system and strictly follow laws and regulations.