Based on rural settlement geography,by taking Shizhu Tujia Minority Autonomous County as an example,per captia construction land index method is applied to calculating readjustment potential of rural residential places,the potentiality is graded according to calculated resulst,finally,its benefit is qualitatively analyzed,and the results indicate that 164.31hm2 arable land can be effectively increased by calculating rural residential places readjustment potential on the basis of the status quo of economic development and hill areas of Shizhu Country,in which the southwest area has the most readjustment potential and Xialu Town has the most readjustment potential and can increase 45.65hm2 arable land.