This paper uses single factor analysis to analyze the gap between the number of agricultural population and the number of non-agricultural population of Huaying City of Sichuan Province in recent ten years, then uses descriptive statistics method to study urban and rural population development in eleven towns and villages of Huaying City, illustrates the necessity for the implementation of the household register system reform of overall urban and rural development in small cities and towns and the backwardness of “dual” household register system and proposes corresponding policy suggestions.