Abstract: PAHs are a class of widesp read pollutants in the environment, microbial degradation is the main way of removing PAH. This article p resented the nature of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the research sit2 uation at home and abroad, and the microbial of degradating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, analyzed the three factors, such asmicrobial activity, and matrix environmental factors, the effects ofmicrobial degradatation on poly2 cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and the mechanism of microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Fi2 nally, the author forecasted a few research directions of future development.