The bullwhip effect occurs when the demand order variability in the supply chain is amplified as they moved up the supply chain, it will brings the higher inventory to upstream supplier compared to downstream supplier. On the basis of analysis of bullwhi
李永祥 韩昭敏.供应链中的牛鞭效应及VMI[J].重庆工商大学学报(自然科学版),2004,(6): LI Yong-xiang~,HAN Zhao-min~,. Bullwhip effect and VMI in supply chain[J]. Journal of Chongqing Technology and Business University(Natural Science Edition),2004,(6):