| 摘要: |
| 基于经典洛伦兹力方程，对带电粒子在正交时变电/磁场及平面波电磁场作用下的运动规律进行了研究；通过方程的解，分析了带电粒子在静场、时谐电场、时谐磁场、正交时谐电/磁场及平面电磁场等几种典型情况下的运动特性;结果表明：粒子在不同的条件下有不同的运动规律，除少数情况外，在电场方向都存在周期运动，但静场与时变场的周期不同；沿波矢方向的速度与电场方向的速度满足圆方程关系；在平面波时，粒子电场方向的速度满足波动方程；在高频场中，粒子主要受初值条件的影响;结合数值仿真，模拟了带电粒子运动的一般轨迹并讨论了经典洛伦兹力方程的适用性。 |
| 关键词: 带电粒子 洛伦兹力方程 电磁场 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| The Motion of a Charged Particle in Time-Varying Electromagnetic Fields |
|
WANG Rong-xiu
|
| Abstract: |
| The motions of a charged particle in orthogonally time-varying electrical/magnetic fields and plane electromagnetic wave are investigated by the application of classical Lorentz Force Equation. The solutions of Lorentz Force Equation provided answers to the behaviors of charged particles in static field, harmonic field, harmonic field with orthogonal electricity and magnetism and plane polarized electromagnetic wave. The results show that the movements depend on the conditions to which a charged particle exposed. In most cases, there are harmonic movements along the direction of electrical vector both in static field and harmonic fields with different periods. The speeds along wave vector and electrical vector satisfied the equation of a circle. With plane wave, the velocity of the particle in electrical direction satisfied wave equation. When the frequency gets very high， the velocity of a charged particle is mainly affected by its initial conditions. By numeric simulation， the trajectories are shown while the validity of Lorentz Force Equation is discussed. |
| Key words: charged particle Lorentz Force Equation electromagnetic field |
