In the context of forming the New Development Paradigm, the construction of national strategic hinterlands, which serve as strategic spaces for coordinating development and security, is crucial for enhancing national development resilience and optimizing regional spatial layouts. Anchored in the Major Function-Oriented Zone (MFOZ) strategy, this paper systematically explores the theoretical logic and practical pathways for reinforcing the functions of the national strategic hinterland. Strategic hinterlands are composite spatial carriers that serve as security cornerstones, growth engines, circulation pivots, and strategic depth. From the perspective of the MFOZ strategy, the reinforcement of these functions follows a logic of differentiated spatial governance. On the one hand, based on regional development positioning and resource endowments, and guided by territorial spatial planning and the layout of productive forces, it is essential to achieve the transition from spatial concepts to on-the-ground implementation. On the other hand, specific strategies should be adopted for different zones: key development zones should concentrate high-end factors and cultivate modern industrial clusters to enhance industrial backup and innovation capabilities; restricted development zones should strictly safeguard cultivated land and ecological security, thereby fortifying the bottom lines of food supply and ecological barriers. Therefore, it is necessary to refine the policy system by coordinating strategic material reserves, strengthening strategic scientific and technological capabilities, establishing strategic industrial backup bases, and building a spatial network for strategic transport capacity. These measures aim to create synergistic effects between the MFOZ strategy and the development of the national strategic hinterland, ultimately transforming the hinterland into a solid strategic rear that supports the steady and sustained progress of Chinese modernization.