产业协同集聚促进经济高质量发展的机制研究——非线性关系、创新效率路径与人力资本的调节作用
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Research on the Mechanism of Industrial Collaborative Agglomeration Promoting High-quality Economic Development: Nonlinear Relationship, Innovation Efficiency Path and the Moderating Role of Human Capital
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    摘要:

    产业协同集聚是构建现代化产业体系和新发展格局的内在要求和重要方式,也是促进地区经济高质量发展的有效路径。然而,现有文献对产业协同集聚影响地区经济高质量发展的机制研究不够深入,关于两者之间非线性关系的经验分析尚未达成共识,实证检验中对经济高质量发展的评价方法也有待改进。本文认为:产业协同集聚会产生专业化分工、规模经济、要素共享、知识溢出等正外部性,进而促进地区经济高质量发展,但过度集聚产生的拥塞效应和竞争效应也会有损经济发展质量,因而产业协同集聚与经济高质量发展之间具有倒U型非线性关系,并因地区经济发展水平及要素禀赋的不同而表现出区域异质性,同时高水平的产业协同集聚(如高技术密度行业协同集聚)对地区经济高质量发展的促进作用更为显著;产业协同集聚可以通过提高地区创新效率的路径促进经济高质量发展,地区人力资本水平的提高会强化产业协同集聚的经济高质量发展促进效应。采用2004—2020年30个省份面板数据,基于经济增长效率、产业结构优化、经济增长稳定性、福利改善和收入分配、资源利用和生态环境等5个维度评估地区经济高质量发展水平,进而分析生产性服务业与制造业协同集聚对经济高质量发展的影响,结果显示:产业协同集聚总体上促进了地区经济高质量发展,但两者之间存在倒U型关系,并表现出“东部地区显著促进、中部地区影响不显著、西部地区具有到U型关系”的区域异质性和“高技术密度行业协同集聚显著促进、低技术密度行业协同集聚影响不显著”的行业异质性;地区创新效率对产业协同集聚促进经济高质量发展具有中介效应,但样本期间产业协同集聚的创新效率促进效应不显著;地区人力资本水平提高会强化产业协同集聚的经济高质量发展促进效应,并在其创新效率路径中发挥调节作用。相比现有文献,本文在优化经济高质量发展评价指标的基础上,实证检验了产业协同集聚影响经济高质量发展的非线性关系及其区域和行业异质性,并探究了创新效率的中介机制和人力资本的调节作用,深化和拓展了相关理论研究和经验分析。根据本文的研究结论,应重视产业协同集聚的合理边界,重点支持高水平的产业协同集聚,并提升产业协同集聚质量,加强人力资本积累及其与产业融合发展的匹配性,进而通过因地制宜的适度产业协同集聚有效促进地区经济高质量发展。

    Abstract:

    Industrial collaborative agglomeration is an internal requirement and an important way to build a modern industrial system and a new development pattern, as well as an effective way to promote the high-quality development of the regional economy. However, the existing literature is not in-depth on the mechanism of industrial collaborative agglomeration affecting the high-quality economic development of the region, and there is no consensus on the empirical analysis of the nonlinear relationship between the two. The evaluation method for high-quality economic development in the empirical test also needs to be improved. This paper argues that industrial collaborative agglomeration will generate positive externalities such as specialized division of labor, economies of scale, factor sharing, and knowledge spillovers, thereby promoting the high-quality development of the regional economy. However, the congestion effect and competition effect caused by excessive agglomeration will also damage the quality of economic development. Therefore, there is an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship between industrial collaborative agglomeration and high-quality economic development, and it shows regional heterogeneity due to differences in regional economic development levels and factor endowments. Meanwhile, high-level industrial collaborative agglomeration (such as the collaborative agglomeration of high-tech intensive industry) has a more significant role in promoting the high-quality development of the regional economy; industrial collaborative agglomeration can promote high-quality economic development by improving the efficiency of regional innovation, and the improvement of regional human capital levels will strengthen the promotion effect of industrial collaborative agglomeration on high-quality economic development. Using the panel data of 30 sample provinces from 2004 to 2020 and based on five dimensions including economic growth efficiency, industrial structure optimization, economic growth stability, welfare improvement and income distribution, resource utilization and ecological environment, the high-quality development level of the regional economy is evaluated and the impact of the collaborative agglomeration of producer services and manufacturing on the high-quality economic development is analyzed. The results show that industrial collaborative agglomeration promotes the high-quality development of regional economy on the whole, but there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between them. It also shows the regional heterogeneity of “significant promotion in the eastern region, insignificant impact in the central region, and a U-shaped relationship in the western region” and the industry heterogeneity of “significant promotion in the collaborative agglomeration of high-technology intensive industries, insignificant influence in the collaborative agglomeration of low-technology intensive industries”; regional innovation efficiency has a mediating effect on the promotion of high-quality economic development by industrial collaborative agglomeration, but the promoting effect of innovation efficiency by industrial collaborative agglomeration is not significant during the sample period; the improvement of regional human capital level will strengthen the promotion effect of high-quality economic development of industrial collaborative agglomeration, and play a regulating role in its innovation efficiency path. Compared with the existing literature, on the basis of optimizing the evaluation indicators of high-quality economic development, this paper empirically tests the nonlinear relationship between industrial collaborative agglomeration affecting high-quality economic development and its regional and industry heterogeneity, explores the intermediary mechanism of innovation efficiency and the regulating role of human capital, and deepens and expands relevant theoretical research and empirical analysis. Based on the research conclusions of this paper, we should pay attention to the reasonable boundaries of industrial collaborative agglomeration, focus on supporting high-level industrial collaborative agglomeration, improve the quality of industrial collaborative agglomeration, strengthen the accumulation of human capital and its matching with industrial integration and development, and effectively promote the high-quality development of regional economy through appropriate industrial collaborative agglomeration according to local conditions.

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张红霞,李家琦,李育哲.产业协同集聚促进经济高质量发展的机制研究——非线性关系、创新效率路径与人力资本的调节作用[J].西部论坛,2022,32(4):73-88

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-10-13