跨国农业垄断公司对中国农业产业链的多维渗透及破解思路
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School of Marxism, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China
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    摘要:

    近年来,以ABCD四大粮商和孟山都等为主要代表的跨国农业垄断公司加速从资本、技术和服务领域对中国农业产业链进行渗透。在资本方面,跨国农业垄断公司已在中国进行深耕,并开始进入更多细分市场;在技术方面,对核心技术的高效转化和集中掌握使其占据了农业产业链的制高点;在服务方面,对贸易、加工、仓储等服务环节的渗透使其获得了高额利润。中国农业企业是抵御跨国农业垄断公司渗透的根本,但目前中国农业企业的竞争力整体上低于跨国农业垄断公司,未能掌握核心技术、因投资回报率低而不愿深耕农业以及市场机制被扭曲是中国农业企业竞争力不足的主要原因。面对跨国农业垄断公司的多维渗透,中国应加强“监督审查”以构筑农业产业发展安全网,强化“创新引领”以打造农业企业核心竞争力,主动“扎根县域”以厚植农业企业的国内发展根基,积极“乘船出海”以拓展农业企业的全球发展空间,坚持“市场主导”以优化农业企业运营市场环境,进而谋求中国农业企业与跨国农业垄断公司的竞争均势。

    Abstract:

    In recent years, the main representatives of international agricultural monopoly corporation such as the grain merchants ABCDs (ADM, Bunge, Cargill and Louis-Dreyfus) and Monsanto, have accelerated the pace of infiltrating China’s agricultural industry chain, covering capital, technologies, service and other aspects. In terms of capital, it is a long time ago that the international agricultural monopoly corporations stepped into China’s agriculture. Nowadays, they begin to enter segmented markets; In terms of technology, their high level of centralized mastery of core technology and conversion rate of agricultural technology patents make them occupy the commanding heights of the agricultural industry chain. In terms of services, they have gotten a lot of benefits by providing trade, processing and storage services. Developing China's agricultural enterprises is the basic method to counter the infiltration of international agricultural monopoly companies. However, the competitiveness of representative agricultural enterprises in China is lower than that of international agricultural monopoly companies. Failure to master core technology, reluctance to plough deeply because of low returns and distorted market mechanism are the main reasons for the lack of competitiveness. Facing multidimensional infiltration of multinational corporation, China should enhance the competitiveness of Chinese agricultural enterprises by increasing the supervision of FDI into China’s agricultural industry, intensify innovation to build core competence of agricultural companies, actively take root in counties to improve the domestic market environment of agricultural elements, positively develop overseas market to expand the global development space of agricultural enterprises, uphold market-oriented development to optimize the operation environment of agricultural enterprises, and further seek equal competence between China’s agricultural enterprises and multinational agricultural monopoly companies.

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罗浩轩.跨国农业垄断公司对中国农业产业链的多维渗透及破解思路[J].西部论坛,2020,30(1):39-49

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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-03-10