The enlargement of urban-rural residents income gap is one of the main expressions of the unbalanced urban-rural development, the development of agricultural productive service industry can boost agricultural modernization and promote rural economic operation efficiency and further is conducive to promoting the relative income level of rural residents and narrowing the urban and rural resident income gap. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces and the municipalities of China from 2003 to 2017, this paper uses the spatial measurement model and the panel threshold model to analyze the impact of agricultural production service industry on urban-rural resident income gap. The results show that the development of agricultural productive service industry not only significantly reduces the income gap between urban and rural areas, but also has obvious spatial spillover effects on surrounding areas. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the level of urbanization, the impact of agricultural productive service industry on the urban-rural income gap has changed from promotion to inhibition and the inhibition effect gradually becomes larger.Thus, China should actively develop agricultural productive service industry and boost regional cooperation and communication, meanwhile, the development of agricultural productive service industry should combine the real demand of each regional agricultural production.